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The Impact of Kaliaghai River Flood (2021): A Detailed Study of Socio-Economic and Environmental Consequences in West Bengal

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The Impact of Kaliaghai River Flood (2021): A Detailed Study of Socio-Economic and Environmental Consequences in West Bengal


Nirmal Mondal | Sumit Kar | Ilyass Hussain | Abrar Farooq | Prof. Pervez Ahmed



Nirmal Mondal | Sumit Kar | Ilyass Hussain | Abrar Farooq | Prof. Pervez Ahmed "The Impact of Kaliaghai River Flood (2021): A Detailed Study of Socio-Economic and Environmental Consequences in West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-6, December 2025, pp.233-251, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd99817.pdf

The frequency and intensity of floods in the Kaliaghai River Basin of West Bengal, India, have increased significantly over the past two decades, resulting in severe socio-economic and environmental consequences. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the impact of recurrent floods across Sabang (LVI-0.322), Patashpur-I (LVI-0.278), Bhagwanpur-I (LVI-0.064), Narayangarh (LVI-0.050) and Patashpur-II (LVI-0.039) blocks. Using a mixed-methods approach, it integrates household surveys (400 samples), key informant interviews, focus group discussions and geospatial analysis (2000-2022) to analyse rainfall-water table patterns, land use changes and community vulnerability. The study identified a strong relationship between a 3-day cumulative rainfall of more than 250 mm and a rise in river water level of more than 6 m, which triggers flood conditions. For example, on 19 September 2021, 382 mm of rainfall resulted in a rise in water level of 8.9 m, exceeding the flood threshold. About 51% of households surveyed faced displacement due to floods, with an average loss of ?12,000-25,000 per incident. Agricultural losses were extensive, with crop losses estimated at ?14,200 per hectare, affecting over 3,800 hectares of paddy and 1,200 hectares of vegetables. Relief reach was limited—only 38% of respondents reported receiving timely assistance. Health impacts were significant, as 43% of households reported post-flood illnesses such as diarrhoea and skin infections. Ecological analysis showed that vegetation cover in wetlands and lowlands had decreased by 21%, mainly due to siltation, encroachment, and the expansion of uncontrolled fishing structures (e.g., "patas"), which obstructed river flow and worsened waterlogging. The study emphasizes the combined impact of natural factors (short-term heavy rainfall, sediment accumulation) and human activities (drainage obstruction, broken embankments, land use conversion) in intensifying flood risk. In conclusion, the paper recommends integrated flood management strategies including river dewatering, embankment strengthening, drainage restoration, floodplain zoning and development of resilient livelihoods. These interventions are crucial for reducing risk and enhancing long-term resilience in the flood-prone Kaliaghai River Basin.

Kaliaghai River, Flood Impact, Livelihood, Environment, Agriculture, Infrastructure, West Bengal, Disaster Management.


IJTSRD99817
Volume-9 | Issue-6, December 2025
233-251
IJTSRD | www.ijtsrd.com | E-ISSN 2456-6470
Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)

International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development - IJTSRD having online ISSN 2456-6470. IJTSRD is a leading Open Access, Peer-Reviewed International Journal which provides rapid publication of your research articles and aims to promote the theory and practice along with knowledge sharing between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working in and around the world in many areas like Sciences, Technology, Innovation, Engineering, Agriculture, Management and many more and it is recommended by all Universities, review articles and short communications in all subjects. IJTSRD running an International Journal who are proving quality publication of peer reviewed and refereed international journals from diverse fields that emphasizes new research, development and their applications. IJTSRD provides an online access to exchange your research work, technical notes & surveying results among professionals throughout the world in e-journals. IJTSRD is a fastest growing and dynamic professional organization. The aim of this organization is to provide access not only to world class research resources, but through its professionals aim to bring in a significant transformation in the real of open access journals and online publishing.

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